Résumé en anglais

In threshold graphs one may find weights for the vertices and a threshold value t such that for any subset S of vertices, the sum of the weights is at most the threshold t if and only if the set S is a stable (independent) set. In this note we ask a similar question about vertex colorings: given an integer p, when is it possible to find weights (in general depending on p) for the vertices and a threshold value tp such that for any subset S of vertices the sum of the weights is at most tp if and only if S generates a subgraph with chromatic number at most p−1? We show that threshold graphs do have this property and we show that one can even find weights which are valid for all values of p simultaneously.