Résumé en anglais

In this paper we study the extreme points of the polytope P(G), the linear relaxation of the 2-edge connected spanning subgraph polytope of a graph G. We introduce a partial ordering on the extreme points of P(G) and give necessary conditions for a non-integer extreme point of P(G) to be minimal with respect to that ordering. We show that, if $ \bar x$x is a non-integer minimal extreme point of P(G), then G and $ \bar x$x can be reduced, by means of some reduction operations, to a graph G′ and an extreme point $ \bar x'$x of P(G′) where G′ and $ \bar x'$x satisfy some simple properties. As a consequence we obtain a characterization of the perfectly 2-edge connected graphs, the graphs for which the polytope P(G) is integral.