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Migration and Remittances in South Africa: the role of political factors

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arestoff_migrations.pdf (428.1Kb)
Date
2011
Dewey
Croissance et développement économiques
Sujet
remittance; international migration; forced migration; South Africa; political environment
JEL code
F.F2.F24; F.F2.F22; O.O5.O55; O.O1.O15
Conference name
60ème Congrès de l’AFSE
Conference date
09-2011
Conference city
Paris
Conference country
France
URI
https://basepub.dauphine.fr/handle/123456789/18525
Collections
  • LEDa : Publications
Metadata
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Author
Arestoff, Florence
12772 Développement, institutions et analyses de long terme [DIAL]
163511 Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine [LEDa]
Kuhn, Mélanie
status unknown
Mouhoud, El Mouhoub
12772 Développement, institutions et analyses de long terme [DIAL]
163511 Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine [LEDa]
Type
Communication / Conférence
Item number of pages
24
Abstract (EN)
This paper looks at the determinants of international remittances in the case of South-South migrations. Using micro-economic data from a survey conducted in 2006, analysis was carried out on 639 African migrants residing in Johannesburg. Because of the diversity of the reasons of migration to South Africa and the regime change in this country, the paper focuses on the impact of the conditions of departure (forced/non forced) and of the political environment in the host country on remittances. So, besides the traditional variables (income, household’s size in the host country, age, sex, education…), the conditions of departure from the country of origin (war, conflict, persecutions), the regime change in the host country and subjective variables (perception of relative wealth, attachment to the country of origin) are used in the analysis. The potential endogeneity bias of the attachment variable is corrected to obtain non biased estimations of the model. The results highlight the importance of the political factors as determinants of remittances. Both the conditions of departure and the political environment in the host country (access to democracy) influence the propensity to remit. The fact of having fled one’s country of origin because of violence or conflict has a negative effect on the propensity to remit, whereas the access to the democracy impacts positively remittances. Subjective variables also impact significantly and positively the transfers. The migrants who follow the political affairs of their country of origin or who think that they were worse off economically before coming in South Africa have a higher propensity to remit.

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