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Roads and the spread of HIV in Africa

Djemaï, Elodie (2018), Roads and the spread of HIV in Africa, Journal of Health Economics, 60, p. 118-141. 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.05.004

Type
Article accepté pour publication ou publié
Date
2018
Journal name
Journal of Health Economics
Volume
60
Publisher
Elsevier
Pages
118-141
Publication identifier
10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.05.004
Metadata
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Author(s)
Djemaï, Elodie
Développement, institutions et analyses de long terme [DIAL]
Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine [LEDa]
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Abstract (EN)
I here use GIS and HIV data from five African countries to estimate the effect of road proximity on HIV infection. I find a negative effect of the distance to the nearest paved road on the probability of being infected with HIV: a one standard-deviation fall in this distance (approximately 2.4 km) increases the probability of infection by 0.6–2.0 percentage points. Using slope as an instrument for road distance continues to produce a negative and significant estimated coefficient. However this relationship may also reflect selection and reverse causality in individual choice of location, and I extensively discuss the role of migration. While the number of lifetime sexual partners is significantly influenced by the presence of roads in some recent years, the effect of road distance on access to protection has disappeared.
Subjects / Keywords
HIV/AIDS epidemic; infrastructure; geography; risk-taking; Sub-Saharan Africa
JEL
I10 - General
O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O18 - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
R23 - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population; Neighborhood Characteristics
C21 - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions

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