Résumé en anglais

We propose a model to describe the optimal distributions of residents and services in a prescribed urban area. The cost functional takes into account the transportation costs (according to a Monge–Kantorovich-type criterion) and two additional terms which penalize concentration of residents and dispersion of services. The tools we use are the Monge–Kantorovich mass transportation theory and the theory of nonconvex functionals defined on measures.