Résumé en anglais

Ultrasonography is the main modality for prenatal screening examination of the fetal central nervous system. Due to the variability of the position of the fetal brain relatively to the probe, getting through structures of interest requires both time and a high level of expertise. The method presented in this paper aims at helping the clinician navigate through the brain by automatically aligning the head in near real time (<; 1 s) in a 3D ultrasound volume. The alignment is obtained by defining a frame of reference based on the skull, the mid-sagittal plan and the orbits of the eyes; their signals remain strong and stable across acquisitions. They are detected by combining state-of-the-art techniques (random forests and template deformation). Our method has proven fast and accurate on a dataset of 78 volumes (19-24 gestational weeks): maximal alignment errors' medians range from 5.1 to 5.8mm for the transcerebellar, transventricular and transthalamic planes.