Résumé en anglais

The economic crisis which began in 2008 caused a decline of global savings, while emerging and developed economies have considerable needs in long-term investments. In France, three fields are identified: integrating young people into the labour market and financing their projects, supporting innovative SMEs, and promoting major technological innovations. At the same time, a demographic upheaval is compounding economic disturbances. Aging will increase the scarcity of savings and mobilize specific long term investments for the elderly. In this context, better fiscal incentives and risk sharing between corporations and the public sphere would raise long term investments.